GLYOXYLIC ACID

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO. 298-12-4
2706-75-4 (hydrochloride), 2990-19-4 (calcium salt)

GLYOXYLIC ACID

EINECS NO. 206-058-5
FORMULA HCOCOOH
MOL WT. 74.04
H.S. CODE 2918.30

TOXICITY

 Oral rat LD50: >90 ml/kg
SYNONYMS Formylformic Acid; Alpha-Ketoacetic Acid; Glyoxalic acid;
Oxoacetic acid; Formylformic acid; Oxoethanoic acid; Oxalaldehydic Acid;

SMILES

 bifomyl

CLASSIFICATION

 

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE pale yellow 40% aq solution
MELTING POINT > 0 C
BOILING POINT > 100 C
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.1
SOLUBILITY IN WATER  
pH

 

VAPOR DENSITY > 1.0

AUTOIGNITION

 

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 

NFPA RATINGS

 Health: 3; Flammability: 0; Reactivity: 0
FLASH POINT

none

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions

APPLICATIONS
Glyoxylic acid is the smallest alpha-keto acid which has a ketone group on the carbon atom next to the acid group. If the ketone group is on the second carbon next to the acid group, it is called beta-keto acid. Glyoxylic acid has dual functional compound with both carboxylic acid and aldehyde. One more example of small mole weight alpha-keto acid is pyruvic acid which has methyl branch.

Members of alpha-keto acid

alpha-keto acid

CAS RN
Pyruvic acid127-17-3
Phenylpyruvic acid156-06-9
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid 156-39-8
Glyoxylic acid298-12-4
alpha-Ketoglutaric acid 328-50-7
Oxalacetic acid 328-42-7
Indol-3-ylpyruvic acid 392-12-1
2-Keto-L-gulonic acid 526-98-7
Phthalonic acid 528-46-1
2-Keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid 583-92-6
alpha-Ketobutyric acid 600-18-0
Phenylglyoxylic acid 611-73-4
Phenylglyoxylic acid 611-73-4
alpha-Ketoisovalerate 759-05-7
Hydroxydiiodophenylpyruvic acid 780-00-7
alpha-Ketoisocaproic acid 816-66-0
3-Deoxy-2-octulosonic acid1069-03-0
Vanilpyruvic acid 1081-71-6
2-Hydroxy-4-oxopentanedioic acid1187-99-1
alpha-Keto-beta-methylvaleric acid 1460-34-0
alpha-Oxofuran-2-acetic acid 1467-70-5
2-Ketopentanoic acid 1821-02-9
beta-Hydroxy-alpha-ketobutyric acid 1944-42-9
Vanilglycolic acid 2021-40-1
alpha-Ketocaproic acid 2492-75-3
3-Deoxy-D-arabino-2-heptulosonic acid 7-phosphate2627-73-8
alpha-Ketoadipic acid 3184-35-8
alpha-Keto-delta-guanidinovaleric acid 3715-10-4
alpha-Oxothiophen-2-acetic acid 4075-59-6
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylpyruvic acid4228-66-4
2-Keto-4-mercaptobutyric acid 4273-28-3
alpha-Oxocyclohexaneacetic acid 4354-49-8
2-Nitrophenylpyruvic acid 5461-32-5
Ketohypoglycin 5746-24-7
3,4-Didehydro-2-ketoglutaric acid 6004-32-6
4-chloro-alpha-oxobenzeneacetic acid7099-88-9
4-Methylbenzoylformic acid 7163-50-0
3-Deoxy-2-ketoarabinonic acid7636-04-6
Amidinophenylpyruvic acid 10290-63-8
4-Hydroxyphenylglyoxylic acid 15573-67-8
Provitamin C 16533-48-5
4-Aminophenylpyruvic acid 16921-36-1
3-Deoxy-D-erythro-2-hexulosonic acid17510-99-5
4-(((Aminoiminomethyl)amino)oxy)-2-oxobutanoic acid17774-31-
5-Amino-2,5-dioxopentanoic acid18465-19-5
2-Ketogluconate20248-27-5
2-Keto-4-pentenoic acid20406-62-6
3-Deoxyglycero-galactononulosonic acid 22594-61-2
Ketomycin 23364-22-9
N-Acetylisatic acid 32375-61-4
N-4-Chlorobenzoylisatinic acid 54778-24-4
N-Benzoylisatinic acid54778-23-3
2-Keto-3-butynoic acid 56842-75-2
2-Keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid 5-phosphate 57717-01-8
2-Oxo-4-hydroxyarginine 64186-82-9
2-Keto-3-bromobutanoic acid71183-36-3
alpha-Ketokainic acid 75232-58-5
3-Bromo-2-ketopentanedioic acid76444-16-1
alpha-Ketosuberic acid96406-05-2
2-Keto-3-deoxy-1,7-dicarboxyheptonic acid99778-26-4
4-(chloromethyl)-alpha-oxobenzeneacetic acid114996-73-5
5-Hydroxy-6-(2-keto-3-thiopropionyl)-7,9,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid117675-20-4
Clavicoronic acid 139748-98-4

Glyoxylic acid is present in the body as the primary precursor of oxalic acid and as an intermediate in the conversion of glycolic acid to glycine. The metabolic pathway to convert fat to carbohydrateby in certain microorganisms and plants is called glyoxylate cycle. Glyoxylates, any salt, anion, or ester of glyoxylic acid, are important in biochemical research.

Pure glyoxylic acid is a liquid with melting point of -93 C and boiling Point of 111 C. Glyoxylic acid is formed in commerce by oxidation reaction of glycolic acid or by ozonolysis (oxidaton) and reduction of maleic acid. Ozonolysis which uses ozone is to cleave the alkene bonds. Eexample of ozonolysis in commerce is the production of odd carbon number carboxylic acids such as azelaic acid and pelargonic acid and simple carboxylic acids such as formic acid and oxalic acid.

Allantoin, active in skin-softening (keratolytic effect) and rapid cell regeneration by precipitating proteins on skin is the diureide of glyoxylic acid. In industrial field, it is used as a basic chemical for the synthesis of other chemical products of acids, esters, cyclic compounds. Applications filed includes aroma compounds, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymers.
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

pale yellow liquid 40% aq solution
GLYOXYLIC ACID

39.5% min

OXALIC ACID

3.0% max

GLYOXAL

3.0% max

HCl

3.0% max

TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 25kgs or 200kgs in drum
HAZARD CLASS 8 (Packing Group: III)
UN NO. 3265
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: C, Risk Phrases: 34, Safety Phrases: 26/28A